The set of chromosomes that an individual has is called the person's karyotype. A karyotype test is one of many important tests performed to determine a person's sex. This test is performed by collecting genetic information about a person including their chromosomes. The examination of these chromosomes through the karyotype allows us to determine if there are any anomalies or structural problems and also if the person is male or female. A human has 23 pairs of chromosomes. Twenty-two of these pairs are called autosomes and look the same in both males and females. But the 23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, is different between males and females. Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while males have one X and one Y chromosome. The first step in karyotype testing is to take a sample of the mitosis cells. These samples can be taken from various tissues, including bone marrow, amniotic fluid, blood, or placenta. The sample is then placed in a laboratory dish which allows the cells to grow and multiply. Then the dividing cells are stopped in metaphase by treating them with spirit...