Significant positive relationships were found between age and shoe ownership in the full sample, r (750) = .247, p < .001, to further understand the data, males owned fewer shoes than females. The average number of shoes owned by females was 21.9 pairs of shoes while the average for males was 9.8 pairs. While no previous research has been conducted specifically on this topic, studies have been conducted on the relationship between gender, age, and clothing purchasing behaviors. Psychologists such as Kenrick and Trost (1993) believe that, based on evolutionary theories, women are more interested in looking good to attract a male mate, while men are more interested in the physical attractiveness of their partners. This theory can be used as an explanation for why women are more likely to be excessive shoppers than men. In a study conducted in the UK in 2004 by Dittmar, he found that over 85% of those suffering from excessive shopping are women, while it was atypical for UK men to be excessive shoppers. It also seems that women buy more things for emotional and pleasurable reasons rather than the practical reasons that men have. (Lott and Maluso 1993) Women also have incredibly positive attitudes when shopping and have a “free time structure” for purchasing clothes, whereas men tend to have more negative attitudes and see shopping as a task to be done. complete in a minimum amount of time