In September 1964, Alfred A. Knoff published what quickly became one of the most beloved children's books of the twentieth century, the children's book Charlie of the British author Roald Dahl and The Chocolate Factory, Dahl's second children's novel. His first, James and the Giant Peach, was published in 1961. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was successful despite the 1964 publication of other children's books that would also become popular. These included Chitty Chitty Bang Bang by Ian Fleming, It's Like This, Cat by Emily Neville and Shadow of a Bull by Maia Wojciechowska, among others. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, written to entertain Dahl's disabled son Theo, was a phenomenal commercial success. Critic Elaine Moss wrote in the New York Times Book Review that the work “is the funniest children's book I've read in years; not only funny but crossed by a zany pathos that touches the young heart. The Chinese edition included the largest number of printings of any book at the time. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was illustrated by Joseph Schindelman. Schindelman was later replaced by Quentin Blake. Dahl's book agent was Ann Watkins, who had represented Dahl in his early work and who would remain his representative for the remainder of his career. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory tells the story of a poor boy, Charlie Bucket, who lives with his parents and four grandparents and who is allowed to buy a chocolate bar once a year on his birthday. One day Charlie uses the money he finds on the street to buy a chocolate bar and by doing so wins a trip to the chocolate bar's manufacturer, the factory of Willy Wonka, an eccentric city character who hasn't been seen for years. Entering the factory with five other ch......middle of paper......olent master. Cameron also criticized the book as showing a "false presentation of poverty" and objected to the sadistic undertones of the punishments to which children are subjected. Cameron and Dahl engaged in several heated debates over the nature of the book. In response to accusations of racism, Dahl changed some of the text and many illustrations were changed for later editions. The new version describes the Oompa-Loompas as having long golden brown hair and white skin and coming from Loompaland, a fictional country, rather than Africa. The new version was introduced in 1973. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory won the New England Round Table of Children's Librarians Award in 1972 and the Surrey School Award in 1973. In 1973, Allen & Unwin published a British edition of the book which featured the changes . made to the revised United States edition.