There are numerous ways to see Foucault's panopticism taking shape in modern society. It can be spotted with cameras placed in various institutions, from street intersections to shopping malls, which clearly monitor the area. This can be seen in classrooms as teachers discipline their students and security watches from their surveillance rooms. It may also come from NASA's massive satellites in space, which hover above the huge globe and constantly absorb the brightness of many places on Earth. British author Chris Otter introduced his article by claiming that satellites are “as much about improving privacy as they are about reducing crime” in his History Today article “Let There Be Light,” but his real claim is about light. Otter not only references Foucault's theory of panopticism and acknowledges his emphasis on visibility, but further alludes – in great historical detail – to the stark difference between night and day. Otter's emphasis on light was incredibly literal: he described the end of night and the beginning of eternal daylight with new forms of electrical technology dating back to the 1800s. Look at Bentham's Panopticon and note the use of lamps for "extend this visibility into the night", as well as grasping Foucault's interpretation of illumination "as a technique of 'submission'", and ever since, Foucault's theory of panopticism has been the source of widespread surveillance. From this Otter draws the idea of ​​constant light. While others may skim the surface of this profound observation, linking it to surveillance and marketing, Otter dives into the idea that light is not so negative and harmful to the common person; “indeed, much of the enlightenment was, and is, designed to create a… medium of paper… Otter makes a valid, historical argument, which gives him credibility and logically persuades any academically inclined reader. However, it neglects to include reflections on an alternative model of disciplinary apparatus. He spends all his efforts to refute Foucault's slight emphasis on panopticism, but cannot provide a supplement. It adds greater complexity and confusion to the understanding of panopticism, not only in modern society, but in its original state. He makes valid points and challenges the endorsement of the effect of visibility as Foucault intended. It pushes any reader to reevaluate Foucault's theory from a new perspective, both historical and modern. Despite its common reference, there may be an even better disciplinary system waiting to be revealed. Works Cited Otter, Chris. "Let there be light." History Today 10(2008):16. eLibrary. Network. 06 March. 2010.