Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, Especially as Waterfowl HabitatIn 1971, the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, Especially as Waterfowl Habitat, was held in Ramsar, Iran (Firouz , 1971). The Convention, also known as the Ramsar Convention, came into force in December 1975 with the then signatory countries of Australia, Finland, Norway, Sweden, South Africa, Iran, Greece and Bulgaria (Johnson, 1976). The Ramsar Convention is considered the main global instrument of intergovernmental cooperation on wetland conservation (Smart and Canters, 1991). The initiative behind the Convention was mainly due to the efforts of non-governmental organizations (Podolsky, 2001). The main objective of the Convention was to establish a comprehensive international plan for the protection of the wetland ecosystem. The Convention required parties to formulate their planning so as to promote the “wise use” of wetlands in their territory and the conservation of particular sites for inclusion in a list of wetlands of international importance (Bowman, 1995). This paper will cover the context that led to the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, particularly as a waterfowl habitat, including policy formulation, key actors, factors, mechanisms, as well as the Convention itself and its effectiveness in protecting the international wetland ecosystem. on wetlands and policy development The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, Especially as Waterfowl, defines wetlands as "areas of swamps, marshes, bogs or waters, whether natural or artificial, permanent or temporary, with standing water or current, fresh, brackish or salty, incl...... half of the paper...... and beyond proves to be a difficult undertaking (Amezega, biotic wetland was also a slow attention to fish). and to other aquatic organisms. You need more information about the challenges. Another way to measure effectiveness is to see whether it has met the requirements of the Convention must sign and list a wetland and maintain its ecological character. The second is that each contracting party formulates and implements a planning policy in accordance with the Ramsar Convention's use guidelines. The third is that the contracting parties must create nature reserves in wetlands and promote training in the fields of research, management and protection of wetlands. The fourth requirement is that the contracting parties consult each other on the implementation of the Convention.