Although these organizations collaborate with governments and aim to improve the lives of migrants, their efforts remain inefficient. According to Dave (2013), only between 2 and 3% of migrants in Kazakhstan turn to NGOs or IOM. Furthermore, those seeking help have often already become victims of human trafficking or sexual exploitation, which is a consequence of their illegal status. This suggests that migrants are mostly unaware that NGOs and international organizations work for their benefit, which makes the organizations unable to assist migrants and promote their rights. Furthermore, the dependent position of the organizations themselves limits their work, as they encounter corruption and the deliberate reluctance of states to improve the situation (Dave