Venezuela is considered a single-product economy in which oil represents 97.8% of Venezuelan exports; therefore, the Venezuelan economy is highly dependent on the oil market. This high dependence is caused by the government's lack of incentives to expand the productive spectrum of the Venezuelan economy, in addition to the implementation of a currency exchange control since 2003. As a result of the country's singular production and the limited and low domestic production of goods beyond oil, Venezuela depends on imports to provide most of the goods needed by the population. Furthermore, since the oil industry is managed completely by the government through the state company PDVSA (Petróleos de Venezuela SA), the supply of dollars is mainly provided by the state. Many manufacturing sectors have been severely affected due to the strict regulations implemented by the government to import and export, as well as the bureaucracy required to obtain dollars to satisfy international trade. One of the most affected and damaged markets is the automotive market because it has lost production capacity due to difficulties such as obtaining dollars to buy car parts, shipping the parts to Venezuela and then assembling the vehicles within the country. In addition to these problems, a law called the “Luxury Law,” passed in 2010, closed the Venezuelan market to imported cars, using the excuse that trading cars with other countries would destroy domestic production; accordingly, Ford Motors Company, General Motors of Venezuela, Toyota de Venezuela, Mazda de Venezuela, Hyundai Motors Corp, Mitsubishi Venezuela, Chrysler Venezuela, Venirauto Industry, Chery Venezuela, Renault de Venezuela,...... half of the paper . . ....3 B. /$ valid at that time). Today, a new Toyota 4Runner costs Bs.1,550,000.00 ($246,031.75 at the current fixed rate of 6.3 Bs./$). As if that wasn't enough, official dealers sell their small share of new cars to used car dealership owners who sell new cars as if they were used to escape regulation. These corrupt dealers, with the cooperation of official dealers and members of the government, set scandalous prices for vehicles. The corrupt model of commerce affects the consumer tremendously who will no longer pay $246,031.75 for a 2013 Toyota 4Runner because that car is out of stock at official dealerships; therefore, the consumer has to migrate to the second-hand car market where the price of a 2013 Toyota 4Runner is Bs. 5,100,000.00 ($809,523.81). Internationally, $809,523.81 is enough to buy two Ferraris and also to hold onto the rest of the petrol for a couple of years.
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