Multiculturalism is the idea that numerous ethnic groups can coexist in the same space. One of the policies such as the commodification of ethnic groups. Some countries actively encourage ethnic landscapes such as Chinatown in Vancouver to promote economic growth and tourism in those areas (Hoernig & Walton-Roberts, 2009). This can lead to establishing whether ethnoscapes are authentic to a particular natal ethnicity or whether they are fabricated differently. Hoernig & Walton-Roberts (2009) state that globalization, immigration and urbanization are the 3 mechanisms underlying how a multicultural city is constituted. These are the main drivers of a multicultural city. There are different levels of exclusion and inclusion. Multicultural cities are often superficial. For example, Singapore is seen as quite a multicultural city, but perhaps there are some areas where there is segregation. Hoernig & Walton-Roberts (2009) argue that Singapore has diligently “imagined” itself as a cultural city. The different levels of exclusion and inclusion can be created by family ties, the level of education and the types of work carried out by different ethnic groups. This then leads to the tangible and transitory aspects of ethnoscapes present in urban areas. For example, Sandringham Road has many Indian restaurants and is known as the "Indian food district" (Friesen,
tags