Wisdom, courage, moderation and justice are four essential virtues on which the ideal state must be based, as explained by Socrates in Plato's Republic. Over the course of the eight books of the Socratic dialogue, the ideal state and ideas of justice are discussed, both at the individual and state levels. The guidelines for a perfect state and how to achieve it are described in depth. Socrates covers every aspect of political life and how it should work by stating that “until power and philosophy completely coincide…cities will have no respite from evils.” In Plato's Republic, Socrates emphasizes the superiority of philosophers and their ability to rule as kings over others. He believes that they are best suited to rule due to their pure soul and craving for knowledge, desire for truth about opinions and tangible things. The philosopher is best able to fulfill the four essential virtues of the state and therefore must be the king. It evokes the idea of ​​a cave, a parallel to the effects of education on the soul, and a metaphor for human perceptions, to describe how humans will act and show distinctions between groups of people. This conception of the ideal state was heavily criticized by his successors, but when applied according to Plato's perception of the state and human capabilities, in theory the idea of ​​the philosopher-king is extremely convincing. According to Socrates the soul is made up of three parts and each person is governed primarily by a different one. Which aspect of the soul a person occupies influences his or her access to the four virtues believed to be ultimate. The appetitive part of the soul is at the bottom of the dividing line; controls unnecessary desires and is undesirable to allow oneself to be governed. The lively element of the s...... center of the card ...... in them is their ability to suppress the negative parts of the soul which measures superiority. The producing class is unable to move beyond the appetitive part of the soul, making it too interested in satisfying personal desires to govern in the interests of the good. The auxiliaries are stuck in the lively part, able to see the truth outside the cave but unwilling to leave the comfortable environment of the cave. They desire easy honor and are unfit to rule a just city as honor so often gets in the way. Guardians will be trained to become philosopher kings; they are able to suppress the desires of the lower parts of the soul to achieve rationality and reason. Philosophers have a natural craving for truth and knowledge and are not influenced by personal desires. Since rationality is equated with justice, philosophers are the obvious choice to preside over the just state.