Nationalism is a way of thinking both political and social to create a community united by: history, ethnicity, religions, common culture and language. Numerous effects occurred during the creation of a nationalist community, some effects were long-term impacts on nationalism, others were short-term impacts on nationalism. Bloody Sunday was a major impact of nationalism, what began as a peaceful march of St. Petersburg workers marching into the country. The Winter Palace led by Father Gapon turned out to be a nightmare. The demonstrators wanted to establish an eight-hour working day, establish the minimum wage and put together a constitution, while the demonstrators were marching they were attacked by Russian troops and several hundred demonstrators were killed. People believed that Bloody Sunday occurred under Nicholas II because he could not be found as protesters marched towards the Winter Palace causing the Russian troops to panic. The result of Bloody Sunday caused riots to break out; workers' councils were formed in St. Petersburg and Moscow and the bond between Nicholas II and the people was broken, provoking the October Manifesto. As a result of a short-term solution the October Manifesto, a constitution to stop the riots, was approved. The main intentions of the October Manifesto were to divide the revolutionaries. Italian Unification had a major impact on nationalism, led by Benso di Cavour, who provided most of the ideology to the movement. Benso di Cavour was also Prince of Piedmont-Sardinia and beheaded as King Vittorio Emanuele II. Cavour built the strength of Piedmont-Sardinia by creating a strong army, a healthy environment and political freedom. Cavour was in favor of free speech, gaining the support of Napoleon III by promising him Italy's support by promising the Veneto and Russia's guarantee that it would remain neutral. Prussia was well prepared for war, with three Prussian armies invading Bohemia and at the Battle of Sadowa, Austria suffered defeat. Nationalism was seen in many different ways by many different leaders and societies. Many conflicts and wars have had a long-term impact on nationalism, but some conflicts have had a limited impact on nationalism. The Frankfurt Constitution was written and published and is still a document of German history today. The article “On the duties of man”, by Giuseppe Mazzini and how the map of Europe was redrawn, which had a huge impact on nationalism. Romanticism was another huge impact of nationalism, with many changes made by artists and how their paintings became more realistic and how everyone had different opinions on the artist's painting.