At the beginning of the 18th century, the phonograph was used to reinforce patients in hospitals during sleep and during the surgical process and anesthesia (Barrera et al., 2002, p. 379). In the 19th century, people wanted to use the sounds of music to minimize pain. In the 1980s the use of music therapy was documented, but had not demonstrated any effectiveness (Barrera et al., 2002, p.379). Furthermore, Munro et al. (1987) reported that the Greeks used music in psychological treatment (p. 1029). Music therapy has been championed by Munro et al. (1987) as “the controlled use of music, its elements and their influences on the human being to aid the physiological, psychological and emotional integration of the individual during the treatment of aniline or disability (p. 1030) . Recently, many studies have shown an improvement in interest in using music therapy and this has significantly demonstrated its beneficial effects on children with various medical problems. Nowadays, there are other therapies besides medical treatment for children with autism, speech problems and managing hospitalization due to cancer. One of the diseases that music therapy has helped to heal is autism. Yates and Professor Couteur (2009) defined autism as “a neurodevelopmental disorder, classified under the umbrella of conditions known as pervasive developmental disorders […] It is characterized by qualitative behavioral abnormalities in the domains of communication, mutual social interaction and interests, and repetitive, limited and stereotyped activities” (p. 55). Autistic children suffer from many symptoms: limitations in social relationships, poor communication skills or unusual interests; for example, some children become attached to a doll or a spec...... middle of paper ......children hospitalized for cancer. 379-388.Barrow-Moore, J. (2007). The effects of music therapy on the social behavior of children with autism. 1-49. Chakrabarti, S. (2009). Early identification of autism. 46, 412-414. Geretsegger, M., Holck, U., & Gold, C. (2012). Randomized, controlled trial of the effectiveness of improvised music therapy for children with autism spectrum disorders. BMC Pediatrics, 12(2), 1-9. Gross, W., Linden, U., & Ostermann, T. (2010). Effects of music therapy in the treatment of children with delayed language development - research article, open access results of a pilot study. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 10(39), 1-10.Munro, S. (1978). Music therapy in palliative care. 1029-1034.Polsdorfer, R. (2006). Symptoms of autism. 1-9. Yates, K., & Couteur, A. (2008). Diagnosis of autism. PEDIATRICS AND CHILD HEALTH , 19(2), 55-59.