Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a disorder characterized by the inability to show muscle paralysis or atonia during REM sleep. Along with the lack of muscle atonia, patients with RBD exhibit behaviors of “acting out” their dreams, which can be harmful to themselves or others around them (Gagnon, Postuma, Mazza & Montplaisir, 2006, p. 425) . It has been reported that the dreams are usually very vivid nightmares or close to them and are usually violent, expressing themselves through running, punching, kicking and more offensive behavior (Paparrigopoulos, 2005, p. 294). In 1986 Schenck and his colleagues recognized RBD as a clinical disorder and then in 1990 it was included in the “International Classification of Sleep Disorders” (Gagnon et al., 2006, p. 425). The American Academy of Sleep Medicine states that there are only three categories that distinguish RBD. The categories are: mild, moderate and severe. Mild RBD is where the patient experiences dream “acting out” at least once a month and it causes only mild discomfort. Moderate RBD is more physically uncomfortable than mild RBD and is experienced more than once a month, but not once a week. Severe RBD is the most difficult and includes experiencing “acting out” one's dreams at least once a week and causing physical injury to oneself or others around one (as cited in Paparrigopoulos, 2005, p. 294). RBD is a very rare disease and therefore no information is known about its exact prevalence. Paparrigopoulos reports an estimate of approximately 0.5% in the overall population, although it has been shown to be more evident in males (2005, p. 294). There are two identifications of RBD, the majority of cases observed are defined as “idiopathic”, which m...... half of the paper ...... of the 44 participants had developed a neurodegenerative disease (Mahowald & Schenck, 2013, page 417). There was another study conducted by Schenck and his colleagues and they found that after a five-year follow-up 11 out of 29 (38%) developed a neurodegenerative disease after the initial diagnosis of RBD. After a seven-year follow-up the results showed that a 27% increase in participants developed a neurodegenerative disease (Gagnon et al., 2006, p. 428). However, findings state that RBD can occur 5 years up to half a century before other symptoms of a neurodegenerative disease (Mahowald & Schenck, 2013, p.418). In conclusion, studies have shown that 30-65% of patients with idiopathic RBD will eventually develop a neurodegenerative disease with the rate of occurrence depending on the length of the follow-up period (Fulda, 2011, p..451).