Magical realism this style of artistic creation was produced under the great explosion of literature in Latin America in the 19th century, due to the economic oppression of the new imperialism. It is a style of fiction and shows a realistic view of the real world but adding some unreal and magical elements. Most authors use magical realism to reveal the issue of society in the real world. One of Juan Rulfo's classic works, “Pedro Paramo” is a highly successful magical realism book. The story is mainly about one of the main characters who called Juan Preciado to go to Comala to find his father - Pedro Paramo, and through the gossip of the other ghosts, Juan discovers that his father is a cruel and evil landlord. In this book, Ruflo organizes the Construction of the World according to magical realism; the entire novel presents a world that has no boundaries between life and death, and time no longer matters. Through this type of setting, Ruflo highlights some social issues in the book, which favor landownership and the abuse of power. Say no to plagiarism. Get a tailor-made essay on "Why Violent Video Games Shouldn't Be Banned"? Get an original essay The main characteristic of magical realism in this book is timelessness, the plot sequence does not follow the orders of time, and Paramo's images are not directly use the word to express. In the book, the narrative jumps from one character to another and moving from one place to another, there is no time flow in this book. It seems that the plots lose the connection with each other, but the image of the main character, Pedro Paramo, gradually becomes clear through a “tangled” structure and a fragmented narrative. In this way of writing, readers discover that Pedro is a cruel, mean, and selfish host. In the story, Paramo tricks Juan's mother into marrying him to become the richest man in Comala, and he also gains power. Pedro can do whatever he wants. He steals other people's property and shouts “what law, Fulgor? From now on we are the law." From here, the reader can see that Paramo ignores the law and even thinks he is the person who can make it. And from the author's description, Paramo is a very selfish boy, he only cares about his own benefit and does not think about that of others. In Paramo's mind, he thinks of gaining power so he can take over everything as he wants. Also, in the middle of the story, Paramo's father was inexplicably hit by a bullet during the wedding between him and Susana, Paramo has no idea who the killer is and what direction the shot is coming from, so he decides to kill everyone who participate in the wedding. . From here, Ruflo highlights Paramo's brutal personality, he would rather kill all the people than let himself get hurt. Paramo always puts his own interests and safety first, and the lives of others have no value in his eyes. Ruflo has a great skill in establishing a character intended to show the cruelty and wickedness of the master of the house during that time. Paramo is a ghost in the novel but a real person in real life in Latin America, countless greedy, cruel and ferocious feudal landowners like Paramo are the main cause of poverty and backwardness in the vast rural areas of Mexico. Furthermore, the structure of the story is messy and reflects the fact that in the real world, people's lives were confused under the oppression of powerful figures. Therefore, Ruflo uses magical realism to create a character just like Paramo to highlight the social issue of landowners. Furthermore, Ruflo also uses magical realism to highlight the issueof the abuse of power in society. Based on traditional culture originating from Latin America, people believe in spirits and the supernatural, which is why Ruflo creates a world where living people can communicate freely with the dead. In this context, death is not the end, if the dead are not forgiven by God, they will never get relief, so they will become ghosts wandering in the land. At this point the Father plays an important role here, he has the right to decide who can go to heaven. In the story, Father Renteria is the only person who can forgive the soul of others for God, but he is a greedy and unjust Father. For example, on pages 18 and 19, that of Pedro's son, Miguel, who died from some accident, Father Renteria refuses to forgive Miguel's soul for the first time. Because Miguel killed Father Renteria's brother and also raped Renteria's niece Ana. But after Pedro Paramo meets Father Renteria and gives him a "gift" for the church, everything changes. «he can afford to buy salvation... Lord, I throw myself at your feet to ask for the justice or injustice that each of us can ask for... For my part, I hope to send him to hell». From this quote, the reader can understand that Father Renteria thinks that Miguel is deserted to go to hell, but the father still forgives him for money reasons. At this point, Ruflo successfully creates a character who abuses his power only for self-interest. As we know, Father Renteria is respected by others and has a reputation only because he leads a church. And money is needed to maintain church service, if he loses the support of the rich, he will lose his reputation and social position. This is why Father Renteria grants forgiveness to Miguel in exchange for money. In his mind, the church is more important than his family members. Therefore, in this way, we can say that Father Renteria is a selfish person and an unjust father, who cares for himself more than others. The reason why Ruflo creates this type of character is to emphasize the injustice and corruption of the church in the 20th century. As we know, throughout history the church has always had a lot of power, and people really believe that the church can help them remove inequity. Once the Church has supreme power, there will be injustice and corruption. Therefore, magical realism helps Ruflo convey the social issue that exists in that period. The purpose of Ruflo using magical realism to emphasize the issue of society at that time is to attract the attention of others, let more people know that inhumanity of landownership and corruption of the Church. The article “Magical Realism and its European Essence” by Maryam Ebadi Asayesh and Mehmet Fikret Arargiic mainly talks about the characteristics of magical realism and the transformation and formation of magical realism in Europe. In this article, Asayesh and Arargiic mention that “magical realism is presented between the world wars and during the rise of modernism. After the First World War, we collectively needed to create a new myth, perhaps because it could help unite people." From this quote, Asayesh and Arargiic say during the First World War, magical realism can be another kind of myth that brings people together to think about the problem that exists in the world. As we know, too many social problems occurred during World War I, such as economic collapse and poor living standards. Therefore, it is significant to create a new myth to unite people and allow more people to notice this kind of social problem. Myth is like a story that provides a certain value and norm in society, just like “Adam and Eve”, this myth teaches us to never betray each other and stop blaming others.2.847