Elise Jordan (Behunin)PAF 505Elizabeth CorelyHomework #15/26/20141. The three reasons for government intervention are political, moral and economic. Political reasons include pressures arising from social and cultural movements, or policy makers themselves deciding that government intervention is necessary. Moral or ethical reasons are not necessarily popular or politically advantageous (although they can be), but according to this branch of reasoning intervention is simply the “right thing.” Finally, economic reasons for intervention emerge from market failures, or when the economic market cannot or will not provide something needed, or regulate itself fairly. The history of national parks, their creation and spread, demonstrates all three of these factors. principles of intervention. Until the early 1800s, the American public viewed nature and wilderness as something to be tamed or overcome. Thanks in large part to artistic movements that represented unstable lands as beautiful, public opinion evolved and gave rise to the moral imperative of conservation. In 1864, political, ethical, and economic reasons for intervention gave impetus to legislation regarding Yosemite Valley; a California senator sponsored a bill that was eventually signed into law by President Abraham Lincoln and would transfer national lands to the state for “conservation” and “public use, resort and recreation” (The National Parks, 2005, p. 12-13). In this case, the ethical reason for the intervention (land conservation) was widely supported by the American public and the contemporary change in public opinion, also making it a political reason for the intervention. As regards the economic reasons for the intervention, the land was recognized as n......middle of paper......t, it would be important to also consider other factors such as possible abuses of the system. And, if possible abuses exist, how can they be prevented?6. A market incentive is a policy tool that allows the government to create economic incentives for a change in behavior. This usually comes in the form of taxation or imposition of fees. An example of this type of policy is cap and trade which limits pollution and also encourages businesses to innovate and discover ways to run their businesses with fewer pollutants. The “ceiling” sets a limit on the amount of pollutants a company can release into the atmosphere. Fees are imposed on the company if they exceed their allowance. The “commercial” aspect of this policy allows companies to sell their shares, thus creating a monetary incentive to reduce their emissions and invest in cleaner technologies..