Topic > Classical Conditioning and Classical Conditioning

Behaviorism involves acting in a particular way. It is an idea that is intended to explain learning. Behaviorism as a theory is based on the idea that all types of behaviors are achieved through a condition. The condition presents itself through interaction with the environment. According to Kendra Cherry (2002), behaviorists believe that how we respond/react to environmental stimuli shapes our behavior. In other words, the way one is educated and the environment one lives in are the elements that determine the way a person behaves. Classical conditioning is a “type of learning” that has had a huge influence on the school of thought in psychology known as behaviorism. It is a learning process that occurs through the combination of two or more types of stimuli. Classical conditioning involves the input of a neutral signal before a naturally occurring reflex. In classical conditioning, we have the unconditioned stimulus (UCS), the unconditioned response (UCR), the conditioned stimulus (CS), and the conditioned response (CR). The unconditioned stimulus (UCS) is a stimulus that unconditionally, naturally and automatically triggers a response. The response occurs automatically without being forced. The conditioned stimulus (CS) on the other hand is a neutral stimulus that when paired with the unconditioned stimulus, will ultimately cause a conditioned response. The conditioned response (CR) in this case will be the learned response to the previously neutral stimulus. Overall, the classical condition emphasizes the importance of learning from the environment, supports "culture over nature". In this essay I will discuss how BF Skinner modified Ivan Pavlov's theory of classical conditioning to bring...half of the paper...and then regain strength. “The fact that conditioned stimulus (CS) – conditioned response (CR) pairings can be established without great difficulty suggests that extinction does not involve unlearning associations (Redish, Jensen, Johnson, & Kurth-Nelson, 2007). In Pavlov's research, he studied the link between stimulus and response. While conducting his research on salivation in dogs, Pavlov noticed that his experimental dogs began to salivate only at the sight of food but eventually at the sound of the ticking metronome paired with the food. This observation led him to carry out his famous experiment in which he taught dogs to salivate to the sound of a metronome. After several repetitions of this association, the dog began to salivate to the sound of the metronome even when there was no food in sight (Schunk, 2012, p..79-82).