Geographic factors influenced the development of the first ancient civilizations of their nations and regions. These factors also stimulated the spread of culture. To name a few, Egypt and Mesopotamia relied heavily on its river. The fact that Greece was surrounded by mountains that divided the territory led to the development of city-states. These factors played an important role in how these civilizations became what they are. One of the first river valley civilizations did not have much chance of surviving in an unfavorable environment and unfavorable geographical position. Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Indus Valley were some of the fortunate places where the conditions of the surrounding environment were advantageous for them. These civilizations would not have survived if it were not for the earthly gift of each place. Egypt is located north of the African continent, with the Mediterranean Sea bordering the region. The region had a very hot and dry climate. It had two seasons which were summer and winter. The territory of Egypt is made up of approximately ninety percent desert. Egypt had two separate lands in which the ancient Egyptians identified the “black earth” and the “red earth”. The “black earth” found on the banks of the Nile River was rich in soil and fertile. They used this land to farm and grow crops. Every year, a fertile layer of rich black silt washes onto the banks after the Nile floods. The “red earth” is a barren desert where nothing grows but provided the Egyptians with protection from invasions by other kingdoms close to them. Not only did it provide decent defense but it was also rich in precious metals such as copper, iron and gold. Various types of stones such as limestone, sandstone and granite are also extracted from the ground. These are some of the usual stones that the Egyptians used to build...... middle of paper ......ea. They raised armies and collected taxes. From this civilization emerges the birth of science, literature, philosophy, the creation of arts and architecture. All these results were achieved in a context of war and conflict. This civilization has shaped our modern world. As you can see, geographic factors have had a huge impact on how civilizations have become what they are. Despite the disadvantages of the harsh conditions of his environment, they benefited from it. Each of these early civilizations contributed to the creation of the modern world as we know it now. Each has divergent cultures, traditions, inventions, and resources spread across nations. The history of ancient civilizations is truly magnificent. Without the social coherence brought by new cities, civilization as we know it would never have appeared, which is why we owe a great debt to the first city builders..