Topic > Calculator Use in Secondary School Mathematics Lessons

In 1972, Hewlett-Packard introduced the HP-35, the world's first scientific pocket calculator at a cost of $395 (Hewlett-Packard, 2007). As technological advancements increase, so does its accessibility. Currently, a scientific calculator will cost around $12. Additionally, anyone with access to the Internet has access not only to free scientific calculators but also to graphing calculators. Let's not forget iPhones and all the calculator apps ready for download. It goes without saying that calculators are readily available to students of all levels; however, many mathematics teachers have not been able to keep up with these rapid changes. After teaching high school mathematics for seven years, I have noticed firm opinions regarding the use of calculators in the classroom. In my experience, I have seen teachers cling to the old argument that calculator use lowers expectations. However, there is research to support the claim that correct calculator use improves students' performance in calculation, concept development, and problem solving (Stiff, 2001). Federal agencies and national education organizations are also urging teachers to integrate calculators into mathematics curricula (Porter, Garet, Desimone, & Birman, 2000; Stiff, 2001), but there still appears to be resistance (Ostapczuk, 1994). of the problem There is no doubt that calculators influence the learning of mathematics. Whether math teachers like it or not, students will use calculators as much as possible. Lee and McDougall put it best: “Instead of worrying about what calculators can do, teachers need to explore what more students can do using calculators” (2010, p. 858). Without a doubt there are mathematics lessons...... middle of paper ......ch Digest. Retrieved from the ERIC database. (ED507262) Ostapczuk, E. D. (1994). The state of portable calculators in secondary mathematics: An examination of classroom issues and uses across the Mid-Hudson Valley region. Retrieved from the ERIC database. (ED380410)Patten, M.L. (2001) Understanding research methods: an overview of the essentials. (3rd edition). Los Angeles, CA: Pyrczak Publishing.Porter, A.C., Garet, M.S., Desimone, L., Yoon, K.S., & Birman, B.F. (2000, October). Does professional development change teaching practice? Results of a three-year study, summary. (Document No. 2000-04). Retrieved from the U.S. Department of Education website: http://www2.ed.gov/rschstat/eval/teaching/epdp/report.pdfStiff, L.V. (2001, April). Have the calculator use the sum. NCTM News Bulletin. Retrieved from http://www.nctm.org/about/content.aspx?id=1242