Hornby (2011) defines parental involvement as the participation of parents in the educational processes and experiences of their children. Parental involvement, as defined by Henderson & Mapp (2002), involves family members, siblings, grandparents, aunts, uncles, and fictitious relatives who contribute significantly to children's education and development. Grolnick et al. (2002), for their part, define parental involvement as the investments that parents make in their children. For investment, Grolnick et al. refers to a series of behaviors by parents that promote the academic success of their children. As defined by the Child Trends Data Bank (2013), parental involvement in schools refers to a parent's reported participation at least once during the academic year in a scheduled meeting with the child's teacher, in a general school meeting, at a school conference event, serving on the school committee, or volunteering to serve the school at any event