Topic > Drug Dependence - 764

According to Webster's New World™ Medical Dictionary, 3rd edition, addiction is a chronic, relapsing condition characterized by compulsive drug seeking and abuse and long-lasting chemical changes in the brain. Addiction is the same regardless of whether the drug is alcohol, amphetamines, cocaine, heroin, marijuana, or nicotine. Any addictive substance induces pleasant states or relieves distress. Continued use of addictive substances induces adaptive changes in the brain that lead to tolerance, physical dependence, uncontrollable cravings, and, too often, relapse. Addiction is at a point where quitting is very difficult and causes severe physical and mental damage due to withdrawal (WILLIAM C. SHIEL JR., 2008). Over the past two decades, many researchers have identified subgroups of alcohol and drug users based on similarities such as drinking style (Kevin M. King, 2009), behavioral problems, etiology, outcomes, and other clinically significant phenomena; making the antisocial, mainly neurotic, mixed neurotic and antisocial and psychotic predominant (Malow, 1989). But antisocial characteristics were the most prominent among all subtypes; especially on the drug addict. This literature will examine them through the following questions:1. How does addiction affect family and social relationships?2. Do alcohol and drug addictions have any relationship with crime?3. What is the economic cost of alcohol and drug addiction? How does addiction affect family and social relationships? Drug and alcohol abuse is a big problem for adults in our world today. It is destructive, not only in terms of its effects on the addict, but also in the suffering it inflicts on loved ones and family (Sadava, 1987). Although the addict may have no conscious intention to harm his/her companions and relatives, his/her self-destructive actions are a source of distress to anyone who feels sincere affection for him/her. One of the most common situations is when the partner tries to hide the addict's behavior from family members, colleagues, employer or the general public. This type of behavior is known as Codependency (Malow, 1989). A codependent partner will make excuses for the addict's absence from work or a car accident; Will also tries to resolve any legal problems arising from the addict's behavior; allowing the addict to continue his destructive path without facing the consequences. Consequences that can range from constant arguments to high levels of domestic violence. In most cases it is linked to financial difficulties, due to the addict's need to purchase drugs, as well as his inability to find stable work..